Material

Material Glossary – Terra Rugs

Just as you choose your clothing based on the occasion or season, selecting the right rug depends on your space, usage, and purpose. Is the rug decorative or functional? Will it be placed in a high-traffic area or a cozy nook? Is it prone to humidity or heavy use?

Not every material suits every space, so to help guide your decision, we've created this glossary of materials. If you have further questions, feel free to contact our customer support team. For rug care guidance, visit our Care Instructions section.

Natural Fibres

Natural fibres are either of animal origin (like wool, silk, leather) or plant origin (like cotton, jute, sisal, hemp). Viscose is unique—plant-derived but synthetically processed.

These fibres are increasingly popular among environmentally conscious buyers. They are renewable, recyclable, and offer a blend of sustainability with timeless design.

1. Wool

Wool is a timeless classic in rug making, prized for its warmth, resilience, and natural beauty.

  • New wool (from live sheep) is of higher quality than tanner's wool (from deceased animals).

  • Highland wool (from mountain sheep) is more durable, while lowland wool (often from New Zealand) offers softness and ethical sourcing.

Benefits:

  • Dirt and water-resistant due to natural lanolin

  • Flame-retardant and antistatic

  • Excellent sound and heat insulation

  • Recovers well from pressure marks

  • Regulates indoor climate

Note: Not suitable for damp environments like bathrooms. Requires protection from moths.

2. New Zealand Wool

Known for its exceptional softness and long fibres, New Zealand wool is sourced from sheep raised in ideal natural conditions.

Benefits:

  • Velvety texture with a subtle sheen

  • Excellent dye absorption for rich, vibrant colors

  • Naturally antistatic and dirt-resistant

  • Ideal for luxurious, soft, and durable rugs

3. Silk

Silk rugs are the epitome of luxury. Made from natural silk fibers, they offer:

  • High knot density for detailed designs

  • A rich, light-reflective sheen ("silk gloss")

  • Soft, strong, and temperature-adaptive structure

Note: Not suitable for humid environments. Handle with care and avoid water exposure.

4. Cowhide & Leather

Each cowhide rug is one-of-a-kind. Durable yet biodegradable, cowhide and leather rugs are:

  • Stylish, sustainable, and naturally unique

  • Available in neutral tones or bold patterns

  • Long-lasting with a luxurious aesthetic

5. Cotton

A versatile, plant-based fibre, cotton is:

  • Soft, breathable, and absorbent

  • Thermo-regulating and allergy-friendly

  • Ideal for homes with children or pets

Note: Not recommended for constantly humid areas.

6. Hemp

An ancient, robust fibre known for:

  • Exceptional durability and resistance

  • Suitability for high-traffic areas

  • Eco-friendliness and biodegradability

7. Jute & Sisal

Both derived from plants, these fibres offer:

  • Natural textures and earthy tones

  • Antistatic, moth-resistant, and easy to clean

  • Perfect for eco-conscious interiors

Note: Generally used in dry areas; avoid prolonged moisture exposure.

Synthetic Fibres

Despite the rise of natural materials, synthetic fibres remain popular for their versatility, affordability, and durability. Especially ideal for humid or high-use spaces, synthetic fibres can be engineered to suit almost any need.

1. Polyacrylics

Developed in the 1940s, polyacrylic fibres offer:

  • Bright, long-lasting colours

  • Resistance to moths and creasing

  • Wool-like softness

  • Easy maintenance and fast drying

  • Ideal for kids' rugs and high-traffic spaces

2. Polyester

Polyester is globally the most used synthetic fibre, and for good reason:

  • Highly durable and colourfast

  • Crease-resistant and shape-retaining

  • Quick-drying—suitable for bathrooms and kitchens

  • Excellent for various rug styles

3. Polypropylene

The lightest commercial fibre, polypropylene is:

  • Water-repellent and stain-resistant

  • Durable and highly elastic

  • Ideal for outdoor rugs, kids’ rooms, and shaggy or designer rugs

Additional Perks: Strong thermal and sound insulation properties.

4. Viscose

Made from wood pulp, viscose is a semi-synthetic fibre with a silk-like finish.

Features:

  • Soft, smooth, and dense

  • Beautiful sheen enhances colour and light play

  • Eco-friendly, but less robust than wool or cotton

Note: Best for decorative use—not suited for high-traffic or damp areas.

5. TENCEL™ Lyocell

A newer innovation, TENCEL™ is made from sustainably sourced wood cellulose via an eco-friendly process.

Benefits:

  • Velvety soft with a rich shimmer

  • Fully biodegradable and free of microplastics

  • Perfect for luxury rugs with a modern touch

Note: Sensitive to water—handle with care.

If you're unsure which material is right for your space, our team is happy to guide you. Your rug should not only suit your style, but also your lifestyle.